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Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and is associated with progressive and irreversible cognitive decline that begins with memory lapses leading to physical and functional impairment. The conventional therapies that have been used for the treatment from Alzheimer's Disease include acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, but additional therapy options are being developed. Lecanemab, brand name Lequembi, is currently a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved humanized monoclonal antibody for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and indicated for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia. While there is impactful aid for treatment, lecanemab has three significant adverse reactions, which are amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), hypersensitivity reactions, and infusion-related reactions, which should be tested for and avoided if possible. The safety profile of lecanemab in clinical trials shows that it is well-tolerated at the highest dose in the general population, with ARIA-E incidence <10% and 14.3% for ApoE4-positive participants. Most ARIA-E occurred during the first three months of treatment and are resolved within one to three months. Pharmacists play a critical role in improving early detection of Alzheimer’s disease, supporting treatment access and counseling patients and caregivers on the appropriate use of lecanemab. Their involvement helps ensure safe and effective use of this disease-modifying therapy through adherence support, adverse effect monitoring and education on evolving administration options.

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