Pharmacy and Wellness Review
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex illness characterized by behavioral, emotional, and cognitive dysfunctions. Common symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, cognitive decline, and social withdrawal. The disorder is related to structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter imbalances, and a combination of genetic and environmental elements, and affects about 24 million individuals globally. Currently, two medication classes are most commonly used to treat schizophrenia. These medications are first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Due to the side effect profiles that both medication classes carry, research is being conducted for new drug classes.
Cobenfy (xanomeline/trospium chloride), also known investigationally as KarXT, is a new class of medication for schizophrenia that may offer patients another option for treatment, especially those who did not respond to traditional medications. Cobenfy utilizes two active ingredients, the dosage of which can be titrated up or down to provide the best benefit for patients while minimizing potential side effects. This drug combination is unique in that it works by targeting muscarinic receptors peripherally and centrally, instead of relying on dopamine signaling. This reduces the risk of extrapyramidal symptoms and metabolic side effects that are commonly seen with the FGAs and SGAs. Cobenfy received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval after the EMERGENT trial series and is currently approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adult patients.
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Medical Pharmacology Commons, Mental Disorders Commons, Psychiatric and Mental Health Commons, Psychiatry Commons